About

Coding Variants:


Our software and server is capable of predicting the functional effects of protein missense mutations by combining sequence conservation within hidden Markov models (HMMs), representing the alignment of homologous sequences and conserved protein domains, with "pathogenicity weights", representing the overall tolerance of the protein/domain to mutations.

For more information on our coding predictions, please refer to the following publications:

Shihab HA, Gough J, Cooper DN, Stenson PD, Barker GLA, Edwards KJ, Day INM, Gaunt, TR. (2013). Predicting the Functional, Molecular and Phenotypic Consequences of Amino Acid Substitutions using Hidden Markov Models. Hum. Mutat., 34:57-65 fathmm - Main Paper

Shihab HA, Gough J, Cooper DN, Day INM, Gaunt, TR. (2013). Predicting the Functional Consequences of Cancer-Associated Amino Acid Substitutions. Bioinformatics 29:1504-1510. fathmm - Cancer Paper

Shihab HA, Gough J, Mort M, Cooper DN, Day INM, Gaunt, TR. (2014). Ranking Non-Synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms based on Disease Concepts. Human Genomics, 8:11 fathmm - Disease Concepts


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Non-Coding Variants:


Coming Soon!


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Input Format:


Our software and server accepts one of the following formats (see here for annotating VCF files):

  • <protein> <substitution>
  • dbSNP rs identifiers

Where <protein> is the protein identifier and <substitution> is the amino acid substitution in the conventional one letter format. Multiple substitutions can be entered on a single line and should be separated by a comma. Our server accepts SwissProt/TrEMBL, RefSeq and Ensembl protein identifiers, e.g.:

P43026 L441P
ENSP00000325527 N548I,E1073K,C2307S 


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VCF Annotation:


Unfortunately, due to disk space constraints, we are unable to annotate Variant Call Format (VCF) files on your behalf. However, the consequences of all VCF variants can be derived using the Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor (VEP). Once annotated, the following script (available here) is capable of parsing these annotations and will provide you with a list of protein consequences which can then be used as input into our server/software.

Additional help on using our script is available by typing the following command:

python parseVCF.py --help


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